Process information
| Key Data Set Information | |
| Location | NO |
| Geographical representativeness description | Portugal, Spain and United Kingdom |
| Reference year | 2025 |
| Name |
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| Technical purpose of product or process | Expanded clay lightweight aggregate is a granular material produced from natural clay, subjected to a thermal expansion process in a rotary kiln at high temperature. This process creates granules with a cellular internal structure and a strong outer shell, resulting in a material that combines high mechanical performance with low density Leca® HD 4-10 refers to the particle size fraction between 4 mm and 10 mm, obtained by screening the expanded aggregates after production. This product range is characterized by high density and strength (HD – High Density), developed for demanding applications where structural performance is a key requirement. This aggregate is particularly suitable for use in structural lightweight concrete, prefabricated components, and technical mortars, as well as in road infrastructure, building construction, and a wide range of civil engineering works, where mechanical strength, lightness, and durability are simultaneously required. Expanded clay lightweight aggregate is a highly durable granular material, with a potentially unlimited service life when properly installed and used. It is a fully recyclable and reusable product, with 100% recovery potential at the end of its life cycle, thus contributing to the circularity of construction materials. This aggregate is characterized by a low dry bulk density, typically ranging between 200 and 800 kg/m³, depending on particle size distribution and degree of expansion. Despite its lightweight nature, it exhibits high mechanical strength and dimensional stability, making it suitable for a wide range of demanding construction and civil engineering applications. |
| Classification |
Class name
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Hierarchy level
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| General comment on data set | Data quality: Specific data for the product composition are provided by the manufacturer. The data represent the production of the declared product and were collected for EPD development in the year of study. Background data is based on EPDs according to EN 15804 and different LCA databases. The data quality of the raw materials in A1 is presented in the table below. Allocation: The allocation is made in accordance with the provisions of EN 15804+A2. Incoming energy and water and waste production in-house is allocated equally among all products through mass allocation. Effects of primary production of recycled materials is allocated to the main product in which the material was used. The recycling process and transportation of the material is allocated to this analysis. Cut-off criteria: All major raw materials and all the essential energy is included. The production processes for raw materials and energy flows with very small amounts (less than 1%) are not included. These cut-off criteria do not apply for hazardous materials and substances. |
| Copyright | Yes |
| Owner of data set | |
| Quantitative reference | |
| Reference flow(s) |
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| Biogenic carbon content |
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| Time representativeness | |
| Data set valid until | 2030 |
| Time representativeness description | 2025-08-18 - 2030-08-18 |
| Technological representativeness | |
| Technology description including background system | The relevant technical properties for Leca® HD 4-10 are provided below: Loose bulk density (Test method: EN 1097-3): 640 kg/m³ ± 15% Grading(Test method: EN 933-1): 4-10 mm Percentage of crushed particles (Test method: EN 13055-1) less than 5 % Compressibility and confined compressive strength (Test method: NS-EN 13055-1) higher than 5,5 N/mm² Reaction to fire (Test method: NS-EN 13820): A1 Composition/content (Test method): - Chloride < 0,1% Cl - Acid soluble sulfate < 0,4% SO3 - Total sulfur < 0,2% S |
Modelling and validation
| Subtype | specific dataset | ||||
| LCA methodology report | |||||
| Data sources, treatment and representativeness | |||||
| Documentation of data quality management | |||||
| Data source(s) used for this data set | |||||
| Completeness | |||||
| Validation | |||||
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| Compliance Declarations | |||||
| Compliance |
Compliance system name
EN 15804+A2
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Approval of overall compliance
Fully compliant |
Nomenclature compliance
Fully compliant |
Methodological compliance
Fully compliant |
Review compliance
Fully compliant |
Documentation compliance
Fully compliant |
Quality compliance
Fully compliant |
| Compliance |
Compliance system name
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Approval of overall compliance
Fully compliant |
Nomenclature compliance
Fully compliant |
Methodological compliance
Fully compliant |
Review compliance
Fully compliant |
Documentation compliance
Fully compliant |
Quality compliance
Fully compliant |
| Compliance |
Compliance system name
|
Approval of overall compliance
Fully compliant |
Nomenclature compliance
Fully compliant |
Methodological compliance
Fully compliant |
Review compliance
Fully compliant |
Documentation compliance
Fully compliant |
Quality compliance
Fully compliant |
Administrative information
| Data generator | |
| Data set generator / modeller |
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| Data entry by | |
| Time stamp (last saved) | 2025-10-07T23:39:23 |
| Data set format(s) | |
| Publication and ownership | |
| UUID | b69d8586-c87e-43be-b5ef-a91c96852767 |
| Date of last revision | 2025-08-13T13:41:27.9954558Z |
| Data set version | 00.04.000 |
| Registration authority | |
| Registration number | NEPD-12025-11990 |
| Owner of data set | |
| Copyright | Yes |
| License type | Free of charge for all users and uses |
| Access and use restrictions | None |
Environmental indicators
Indicators of life cycle