Process Data set: Relion REF650 v3.0 multi-application protection & control relay for transformer applications (en)

Process Data set: Relion REF650 v3.0 multi-application protection & control relay for transformer applications (en) en

Process information

Key Data Set Information
Location	SE
Geographical representativeness description	Europe
Reference year	2025
Name	Relion REF650 v3.0 multi-application protection & control relay for transformer applications
Use advice for data set	The life cycle analysis of the REF650 follows a “cradle to grave” analysis and covers the following life cycle stages: manufacturing stage (A1-A2), including the relevant upstream process (e.g. acquisition of raw material, preparation of semi-finished goods, etc.) and the main manufacturing and processing steps (A3); distribution stage (A4); installation stage (A5), including the relevant steps for the preparation of the product for use; use stage (B6), including the required maintenance steps within the reference service life (RSL) associated to the reference product; and end-of-life stage, including the necessary steps until and for the final disposal or recovery of the product system (C1-C4, D).
Technical purpose of product or process	For more information about the EPD or the product, please use our 'Contact Us' page and a member of the Hitachi Energy team will connect with you: https://www.hitachienergy.com/contact-us The REF650 is an advanced distribution system protection and control relay. It covers feeder, two-winding transformer differential, high impedance differential, and interconnection protection applications to support distribution system operators and industrial facilities. The relay’s compact size and modular and scalable design make this configurable intelligent electronic device (IED) a cost-effective way to meet a broad range of protection requirements. With an ever-increasing number of distributed energy resources (DERs) coming online, medium-voltage protection relays have become vital guardians of our distribution systems. The REF650 is a compact, modular solution that covers the essential functions of maintaining the reliability and safety of distribution systems loaded with customer-sited generation, storage, electric vehicles, and more. A medium-voltage relay for primary distribution feeder and transformer applications, the REF650 provides feeder protection and control. It also monitors current and voltage to quickly detect faults inside the asset, such as overloads, shorts, or insulation breakdowns. By isolating faults quickly, all these functions help minimize system damage. The REF650 device that features in the life cycle assessment has a configuration that was selected to be representative of an average product for transformer protection and control. The configuration is: REF650 3U 1/1 x 19" rack casing with a 19" LHMI and 11 of 16 hardware slots filled.
Classification	Class name : Hierarchy level EPDNorge: Construction / Electronic and electrical components and products
General comment on data set	Data quality: Specific data for the product composition are provided by the manufacturer. The data represent the production of the declared product and were collected for EPD development in the year of study. Background data is based on EPDs according to EN 15804 and different LCA databases. The data quality of the raw materials in A1 is presented in the table below. Both primary and secondary data were used in the construction of the REF650 LCA. Primary product data was collected from the bill of materials, technical documentation and supplier input, and primary assembly site data was collected from Hitachi Energy’s environmental performance database. Production site data was from fiscal year 2023 (April 2023 - March 2024) and technical data was from fiscal year 2024 (April 2024 - March 2025), and all data were collected during fiscal year 2024. Secondary data supplemented the primary data for upstream material production and manufacturing, transport, use phase and end-of-life processes, as well as defining resource flows such as electricity mixes. The main database was ecoinvent, supported by other sources and all secondary data was compiled by LCA.no. Allocation: The allocation is made in accordance with the provisions of EN 15804. Incoming energy and water and waste production in-house is allocated equally among all products through mass allocation. Effects of primary production of recycled materials is allocated to the main product in which the material was used. The recycling process and transportation of the material is allocated to this analysis. Cut-off criteria: All major raw materials and all the essential energy is included. The production processes for raw materials and energy flows with very small amounts (less than 1%) are not included. These cut-off criteria do not apply for hazardous materials and substances.
Copyright	Yes
Owner of data set	Hitachi Energy Ltd
Quantitative reference
Reference flow(s)	Relion REF650 v3.0 multi-application protection & control relay for transformer applications - 1.0 * 1.0 Stück (Number of pieces)
Biogenic carbon content	Carbon content (biogenic): 0.002271698643 kg Carbon content (biogenic) - packaging: 0.490991773593 kg
Time representativeness
Data set valid until	2030
Time representativeness description	2025-07-21 - 2030-07-21
Publication date	2025-07-21
Technological representativeness
Technology description including background system	For technical information about the REF650, please consult our website: https://www.hitachienergy.com/products-and-solutions/substation-automation-protection-and-control/products/protection-and-control/relion-product-family/relion-ref650

Modelling and validation

Subtype

specific dataset

LCA methodology report

PCR EPD Italy 007 - Electronic and electrical products and systems

Data sources, treatment and representativeness

Documentation of data quality management

PCR EPD Italy 007 - Electronic and electrical products and systems

Data source(s) used for this data set

ecoinvent database (all versions)

Original EPDs

NEPD-11869-11829_Relion-REF650-v3.0-multi-application-protection---control-relay-for-transformer-applications.pdf

Completeness

Validation

Type of review
Independent external review

Reviewer name and institution
Elisabet Amat

Compliance Declarations

Compliance

Compliance system name

EN 15804+A2

Approval of overall compliance

Fully compliant

Nomenclature compliance

Fully compliant

Methodological compliance

Fully compliant

Review compliance

Fully compliant

Documentation compliance

Fully compliant

Quality compliance

Fully compliant

Compliance

Compliance system name

ISO 14025

Approval of overall compliance

Fully compliant

Nomenclature compliance

Fully compliant

Methodological compliance

Fully compliant

Review compliance

Fully compliant

Documentation compliance

Fully compliant

Quality compliance

Fully compliant

Compliance

Compliance system name

ISO 21930

Approval of overall compliance

Fully compliant

Nomenclature compliance

Fully compliant

Methodological compliance

Fully compliant

Review compliance

Fully compliant

Documentation compliance

Fully compliant

Quality compliance

Fully compliant

Administrative information

Data generator
Data set generator / modeller	LCA.no AS
Data entry by
Time stamp (last saved)	2025-08-10T21:28:20
Data set format(s)	ILCD format EPD Data Format Extensions v1.2
Publication and ownership
UUID	6f2272b3-0a05-4125-a224-d6f68947e7e1
Date of last revision	2025-07-21T07:45:34.8577692Z
Data set version	00.03.000
Registration authority	EPD Norway
Registration number	NEPD-11869-11829
Owner of data set	Hitachi Energy Ltd
Copyright	Yes
License type	Free of charge for all users and uses
Access and use restrictions	None
Publisher	EPD Norway

Environmental indicators

Indicators of life cycle

Indicator	Direction	Unit	Raw material supply A1	Transport A2	Manufacturing A3	Transport A4	Installation A5	Operational energy use B6	Transport C2	Waste processing C3	Disposal C4	Recycling Potential D
Use of renewable primary energy (PERE)	Input	MJ	896.1	0.5202	3.729	2.187	0.04802	7589	0.05311	1.027	1.152	-87.65
Use of renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials (PERM)	Input	MJ	8.952	0	2.345	0	-8.911	0	0	0	0	0
Total use of renewable primary energy resource (PERT)	Input	MJ	532.6	0.5202	80.51	2.187	-8.863	7589	0.05311	1.027	1.152	-87.65
Use of non renewable primary energy (PENRE)	Input	MJ	4084	101.8	81.55	142.1	2.271	3.445E+4	3.45	-8.453	-10.57	-482.2
Use of non renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials (PENRM)	Input	MJ	54.56	0	0.8164	0	0	0	0	-51.11	0	0
Total use of non renewable primary energy resource (PENRT)	Input	MJ	4509	101.8	1.947	142.1	2.271	3.445E+4	3.45	-59.57	-10.57	-482.2
Use of secondary material (SM)	Input	kg	0.8195	0	0.005296	0	0	0	0	0	0.0292	0
Use of renewable secondary fuels (RSF)	Input	MJ	0.228	0.0001279	0.00001084	0.0008133	0.000106	0.03713	0.00001975	0.007171	0.002356	-0.002652
Use of non renewable secondary fuels (NRSF)	Input	MJ	-0.001433	0	0	0	0.0003872	0	0	-0.001367	0.2525	-0.01987
Use of net fresh water (FW)	Input	m3	2.799	0.005318	0.6754	0.01695	0.001507	27.33	0.0004116	0.007668	0.002249	-0.6295
Hazardous waste disposed (HWD)	Output	kg	17.54	0.0243	0.01672	0.09528	0.02753	61.09	0.002314	0.008527	1.357	-2.661
Non hazardous waste dispose (NHWD)	Output	kg	818.5	0.7054	1.814	2.896	7.141	6641	0.07033	1.143	0.06242	-84.45
Radioactive waste disposed (RWD)	Output	kg	0.01009	0.00001099	0.000004468	0.00004582	8.036E-7	0.2442	0.000001113	0.00003544	6.054E-7	-0.0008996
Components for re-use (CRU)	Output	kg	5.871E-8	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Materials for recycling (MFR)	Output	kg	0.001064	0	0.8544	0	0.7096	0	0	3.654	0	0
Materials for energy recovery (MER)	Output	kg	0.00003454	0	2.078E-7	0	0.000001168	0	0	0.00007534	0	0
Exported electrical energy (EEE)	Output	MJ	0.003846	0	0.002404	0	0.04389	0	0	0.0001941	0	0
Exported thermal energy (EET)	Output	MJ	0.01034	0	0.001116	0	0.6585	0	0	0.002937	0	0

Core environmental impact indicators

Indicator	Unit	Raw material supply A1	Transport A2	Manufacturing A3	Transport A4	Installation A5	Operational energy use B6	Transport C2	Waste processing C3	Disposal C4	Recycling Potential D
Abiotic depletion potential - fossil resources (ADPF)	MJ	4483	101.8	1.945	142.1	2.271	3.445E+4	3.45	7.845	3.856	-502.1
Abiotic depletion potential - non-fossil resources (ADPE)	kg Sb-eqv.	0.1011	0.000004969	7.918E-7	0.00003266	7.775E-7	0.01811	7.932E-7	0.000009424	0.000001755	-0.02277
Acidification potential, Accumulated Exceedance (AP)	mol H+ eqv.	2.73	0.0317	0.0009119	0.04091	0.001344	8.537	0.0009935	0.00293	0.001635	-1.356
Global Warming Potential - biogenic (GWP-biogenic)	kg CO2 eqv.	0.3856	0.002067	0.2032	0.008545	1.661	50.94	0.0002075	0.03028	0.0006719	-0.1104
Global Warming Potential - fossil fuels (GWP-fossil)	kg CO2 eqv.	348.5	7.546	0.311	9.882	0.1927	1488	0.24	0.9854	0.3734	-38.35
Global Warming Potential - total (GWP-total)	kg CO2 eqv.	349.6	7.549	1.348	9.895	1.854	1542	0.2403	1.018	0.3767	-38.55
Global Warming Potential - land use and land use change (GWP-luluc)	kg CO2 eqv.	0.7131	0.001046	0.8192	0.004831	0.00006916	3.713	0.0001173	0.001882	0.002592	-0.08541
Global warming potential except emissions and uptake of biogenic carbon (GWP-IOBC/GHG)	kg CO2 eqv.	348	7.547	1.13	9.887	0.1928	1491	0.2401	0.988	0.3762	-38.44
Eutrophication potential - freshwater (EP-freshwater)	kg P eqv.	0.4216	0.0001672	0.00004377	0.000696	0.00003685	1.409	0.0000169	0.00005497	0.00002452	-0.06514
Eutrophication potential - marine (EP-marine)	kg N eqv.	0.4851	0.01263	0.0002879	0.01561	0.0006738	1.38	0.000379	0.0006557	0.00134	-0.08624
Eutrophication potential - terrestrial (EP-terrestrial)	mol N eqv.	5.058	0.1352	0.003261	0.1666	0.00638	12.49	0.004046	0.006976	0.003767	-1.062
Photochemical Ozone Creation Potential (POCP)	kg NMVOC eqv.	1.484	0.04373	0.0009655	0.0599	0.001813	4.011	0.001455	0.002214	0.001726	-0.3275
Depletion potential of the stratospheric ozone layer (ODP)	kg CFC 11 eqv.	0.00002036	1.243E-7	2.781E-9	2.114E-7	6.676E-9	0.00002835	5.134E-9	6.382E-8	1.518E-8	-0.0002783
Water (user) deprivation potential (WDP)	m3 world eqv.	164.2	0.1925	26.42	0.6969	0.4281	854.9	0.01693	104.7	2.289	-28.77

Additional environmental impact indicators

Indicator	Unit	Raw material supply A1	Transport A2	Manufacturing A3	Transport A4	Installation A5	Operational energy use B6	De-construction C1	Transport C2	Waste processing C3	Disposal C4	Recycling Potential D
¹This impact category deals mainly with the eventual impact of low dose ionizing radiation on human health of the nuclear fuel cycle. It does not consider effects due to possible nuclear accidents, occupational exposure nor due to radioactive waste disposal in underground facilities. Potential ionizing radiation from the soil, from radon and from some construction materials is also not measured by this indicator.
²The results of this environmental impact indicator shall be used with care as the uncertainties on these results are high or as there is limited experiences with the indicator.
Potential Human exposure efficiency relative to U235 (IRP)¹	kBq U235 eqv.	40.72	0.04776	0.01758	0.1887	0.004039	953.9	0	0.004583	0.03964	0.007148	-3.441
Potential incidence of disease due to PM emissions (PM)²	disease incidence	0.00002157	1.503E-7	3.053E-8	7.927E-7	1.916E-8	0.0000313	0	1.925E-8	2.298E-8	2.93E-8	-0.000003944
Potential Soil quality index (SQP)²	unitless	1555	14.7	-10.49	83.95	1.172	6597	0	2.039	3.492	9.049	-246.1
Potential Comparative Toxic Unit for humans - non-cancer effects (HTP-nc)²	CTUh	0.00001866	8.154E-8	3.419E-9	1.057E-7	1.139E-8	0.00002987	0	2.567E-9	0.000001342	9.584E-9	-0.000001703
Potential Comparative Toxic Unit for humans - cancer effects (HTP-c)²	CTUh	3.697E-7	0	2.8E-10	0	2.7E-10	7.443E-7	0	0	2.287E-8	1.324E-9	-6.061E-8
Potential Comparative Toxic Unit for ecosystems (ETP-fw)²	CTUe	8392	49.48	1.178	69.59	1.643	5693	0	1.69	16.11	16.07	-1709