Process Data set: Stainless Steel Fully Threaded Bars (en)

Process Data set: Stainless Steel Fully Threaded Bars (en) en

Process information

Key Data Set Information
Location	IN
Geographical representativeness description	Europe, USA, India
Reference year	2025
Name	Stainless Steel Fully Threaded Bars
Use advice for data set	This product system includes the production of fully threaded rods in India (modules A1-A3), transport and distribution of the finished goods to the final market (module A4), the packaging waste sent for treatment (module A5), and the end-of-life scenario (modules C1-C4, D).
Technical purpose of product or process	Fully Threaded Bars made from Stainless Steel, use for construction works. Stainless steel chemical composition of – Carbon, Silicon, Manganese, phosphorus, sulfur, chromium, nickel, molybdenum.
Classification	Class name : Hierarchy level EPDNorge: Construction / Steel and Aluminium
General comment on data set	Data quality: Specific data for the product composition are provided by the manufacturer. The data represent the production of the declared product and were collected for EPD development in the year of study. Background data is based on EPDs according to EN 15804 and different LCA databases. The data quality of the raw materials in A1 is presented in the table below. Allocation: The allocation is made in accordance with the provisions of EN 15804. Incoming energy and water and waste production in-house is allocated equally among all products through mass allocation. Effects of primary production of recycled materials is allocated to the main product in which the material was used. The recycling process and transportation of the material is allocated to this analysis. Cut-off criteria: All major raw materials and all the essential energy is included. The production processes for raw materials and energy flows with very small amounts (less than 1%) are not included. These cut-off criteria do not apply for hazardous materials and substances.
Copyright	Yes
Owner of data set	Raajratna Ventures Ltd.
Quantitative reference
Reference flow(s)	Stainless Steel Fully Threaded Bars - 1.0 * 1.0 kg (Mass)
Biogenic carbon content	Carbon content (biogenic): 1.0 kg Carbon content (biogenic) - packaging: 1.0 kg
Time representativeness
Data set valid until	2030
Time representativeness description	2025-02-14 - 2030-02-14
Publication date	2025-02-14
Technological representativeness

Modelling and validation

Subtype

specific dataset

LCA methodology report

NPCR 013:2021 Part B for Steel and aluminium construction products

Data sources, treatment and representativeness

Documentation of data quality management

NPCR 013:2021 Part B for Steel and aluminium construction products

Data source(s) used for this data set

ecoinvent database (all versions)

Original EPDs

NEPD-9110-8673_Stainless-Steel-Fully-Threaded-Bars.pdf

Completeness

Validation

Type of review
Independent external review

Reviewer name and institution
Alexander Borg

Compliance Declarations

Compliance

Compliance system name

EN 15804+A2

Approval of overall compliance

Fully compliant

Nomenclature compliance

Fully compliant

Methodological compliance

Fully compliant

Review compliance

Fully compliant

Documentation compliance

Fully compliant

Quality compliance

Fully compliant

Compliance

Compliance system name

ISO 14025

Approval of overall compliance

Fully compliant

Nomenclature compliance

Fully compliant

Methodological compliance

Fully compliant

Review compliance

Fully compliant

Documentation compliance

Fully compliant

Quality compliance

Fully compliant

Compliance

Compliance system name

ISO 21930

Approval of overall compliance

Fully compliant

Nomenclature compliance

Fully compliant

Methodological compliance

Fully compliant

Review compliance

Fully compliant

Documentation compliance

Fully compliant

Quality compliance

Fully compliant

Administrative information

Data generator
Data set generator / modeller	LCA.no AS
Data entry by
Time stamp (last saved)	2025-03-22T16:43:39
Data set format(s)	ILCD format EPD Data Format Extensions v1.2
Publication and ownership
UUID	11dbd8e2-676e-4ee6-a07a-c70d04decdda
Date of last revision	2025-02-10T07:54:54.3480171Z
Data set version	00.03.000
Registration authority	EPD Norway
Registration number	NEPD-9110-8673
Owner of data set	Raajratna Ventures Ltd.
Copyright	Yes
License type	Free of charge for all users and uses
Access and use restrictions	None
Publisher	EPD Norway

Environmental indicators

Indicators of life cycle

Indicator	Direction	Unit	Production A1-A3	Transport A4	Installation A5	De-construction C1	Transport C2	Waste processing C3	Disposal C4	Recycling Potential D
Use of renewable primary energy (PERE)	Input	MJ	16.26	0.03241	0.00002333	0.04169	0.003077	0	0.0002126	-0.6834
Use of renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials (PERM)	Input	MJ	0.3304	0	-0.3304	0	0	0	0	0
Total use of renewable primary energy resource (PERT)	Input	MJ	16.59	0.03241	-0.3303	0.04169	0.003077	0	0.0002126	-0.6834
Use of non renewable primary energy (PENRE)	Input	MJ	54.17	1.947	0.001302	0.003224	0.215	0	0.01382	-8.333
Use of non renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials (PENRM)	Input	MJ	0.009343	0	-0.009343	0	0	0	0	0
Total use of non renewable primary energy resource (PENRT)	Input	MJ	54.18	1.947	-0.008042	0.003224	0.215	0	0.01382	-8.333
Use of secondary material (SM)	Input	kg	0.00005804	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Use of renewable secondary fuels (RSF)	Input	MJ	0.05431	0.001612	7.357E-7	0.00003274	0.0001101	0	0.000004394	0.03576
Use of non renewable secondary fuels (NRSF)	Input	MJ	1.257	0.004927	0.000004316	0.00008156	0.0003936	0	0.00001263	1.041
Use of net fresh water (FW)	Input	m3	0.03637	0.0002048	6.979E-7	0.0003114	0.00002299	0	0.00001646	-0.002092
Hazardous waste disposed (HWD)	Output	kg	0.06954	0.0001053	0	0.000002067	0.00001109	0	0	-0.005148
Non hazardous waste dispose (NHWD)	Output	kg	5.485	0.01353	0.005263	0.000248	0.01045	0	0.1	-0.4048
Radioactive waste disposed (RWD)	Output	kg	0.0001131	0.00001333	0	2.882E-8	0.000001464	0	0	0.000002725
Components for re-use (CRU)	Output	kg	0	0	0.01869	0	0	0	0	0
Materials for recycling (MFR)	Output	kg	0.001015	0	0.003888	0	0	0.9	0	0
Materials for energy recovery (MER)	Output	kg	4.835E-7	0	0.001259	0	0	0	0	0
Exported electrical energy (EEE)	Output	MJ	0.000002937	0	0.0009108	0	0	0	0	0
Exported thermal energy (EET)	Output	MJ	0.00004443	0	0.01378	0	0	0	0	0

Core environmental impact indicators

Indicator	Unit	Production A1-A3	Transport A4	Installation A5	De-construction C1	Transport C2	Disposal C4	Recycling Potential D
Abiotic depletion potential - fossil resources (ADPF)	MJ	54.17	1.946	0.001302	0.003219	0.215	0.01382	-8.337
Abiotic depletion potential - non-fossil resources (ADPE)	kg Sb-eqv.	0.000201	0.000001249	2.121E-9	1.759E-8	3.927E-7	3.79E-9	-0.00001709
Acidification potential, Accumulated Exceedance (AP)	mol H+ eqv.	0.03156	0.004241	5.453E-7	0.000001843	0.00004086	0.000004179	-0.004923
Global Warming Potential - biogenic (GWP-biogenic)	kg CO2 eqv.	-0.02652	0.00007637	0.03691	0.000006519	0.000005885	3.642E-7	-0.0005465
Global Warming Potential - fossil fuels (GWP-fossil)	kg CO2 eqv.	5.15	0.1485	0.0001096	0.0002358	0.01422	0.0004282	-0.9903
Global Warming Potential - total (GWP-total)	kg CO2 eqv.	5.131	0.1486	0.03702	0.0002433	0.01423	0.0004286	-0.9913
Global Warming Potential - land use and land use change (GWP-luluc)	kg CO2 eqv.	0.007407	0.0001082	2.984E-8	9.728E-7	0.00000506	8.398E-8	-0.0004465
Global warming potential except emissions and uptake of biogenic carbon (GWP-IOBC/GHG)	kg CO2 eqv.	5.167	0.1486	0.0001096	0.0002428	0.01423	0.0004286	-1.483
Eutrophication potential - freshwater (EP-freshwater)	kg P eqv.	0.0002226	0.000001246	8.92E-10	1.696E-8	1.136E-7	3.196E-9	-0.00006095
Eutrophication potential - marine (EP-marine)	kg N eqv.	0.005344	0.001055	2.138E-7	2.025E-7	0.000008085	0.000001567	-0.001019
Eutrophication potential - terrestrial (EP-terrestrial)	mol N eqv.	0.06048	0.01175	0.000002169	0.000002636	0.00009043	0.00001727	-0.01041
Photochemical Ozone Creation Potential (POCP)	kg NMVOC eqv.	0.02044	0.003058	5.968E-7	7.089E-7	0.00003464	0.00000494	-0.004963
Depletion potential of the stratospheric ozone layer (ODP)	kg CFC 11 eqv.	2.624E-7	3.031E-8	1.9E-11	1.6E-11	3.22E-9	2.09E-10	-0.000005851
Water (user) deprivation potential (WDP)	m3 world eqv.	3.109	1.702	0.001897	0.5611	0.2079	0.02909	51.33

Additional environmental impact indicators

Indicator	Unit	Production A1-A3	Transport A4	Installation A5	De-construction C1	Transport C2	Waste processing C3	Disposal C4	Recycling Potential D
¹This impact category deals mainly with the eventual impact of low dose ionizing radiation on human health of the nuclear fuel cycle. It does not consider effects due to possible nuclear accidents, occupational exposure nor due to radioactive waste disposal in underground facilities. Potential ionizing radiation from the soil, from radon and from some construction materials is also not measured by this indicator.
²The results of this environmental impact indicator shall be used with care as the uncertainties on these results are high or as there is limited experiences with the indicator.
Potential Human exposure efficiency relative to U235 (IRP)¹	kBq U235 eqv.	0.1202	0.008657	0.000005383	0.0000584	0.0009396	0	0.00005997	0.003549
Potential incidence of disease due to PM emissions (PM)²	disease incidence	4.357E-7	1.826E-9	8E-12	1.3E-11	8.7E-10	0	8.9E-11	-8.224E-8
Potential Soil quality index (SQP)²	unitless	31.99	0.4657	0.0009162	0.001621	0.1504	0	0.05037	-0.631
Potential Comparative Toxic Unit for humans - non-cancer effects (HTP-nc)²	CTUh	1.542E-7	4.43E-10	4E-12	1.6E-11	1.74E-10	0	4E-12	1.035E-7
Potential Comparative Toxic Unit for humans - cancer effects (HTP-c)²	CTUh	7.591E-8	0	0	1E-12	0	0	0	-4.764E-9
Potential Comparative Toxic Unit for ecosystems (ETP-fw)²	CTUe	179.8	1.258	0.001648	0.01467	0.1594	0	0.006835	-55.21