Process Data set: Leca® XS, Arlita® XS, Leca Portugal (en)

Process Data set: Leca® XS, Arlita® XS, Leca Portugal (en) en

Process information

Key Data Set Information
Location	NO
Geographical representativeness description	Portugal, Spain and United Kingdom
Reference year	2025
Name	Leca® XS, Arlita® XS, Leca Portugal
Technical purpose of product or process	Expanded clay is a lightweight granular aggregate produced from natural clay, subjected to a high-temperature thermal expansion process in a rotary kiln. This process imparts the material with a porous internal structure and a durable outer surface, resulting in a lightweight aggregate with excellent physical and mechanical performance. Leca® XS, Arlita® XS, corresponds to the particle size fraction between 1 mm and 3 mm, obtained by screening the expanded granules after production. This aggregate is suitable for use in lightweight concrete, prefabricated elements, mortars for building construction, as well as for technical fills, fill layers, and various road infrastructure and civil engineering works. Expanded clay lightweight aggregate is a highly durable granular material, with a potentially unlimited service life when properly installed and used. It is a fully recyclable and reusable product, with 100% recovery potential at the end of its life cycle, thus contributing to the circularity of construction materials. This aggregate is characterized by a low dry bulk density, typically ranging between 200 and 800 kg/m³, depending on particle size distribution and degree of expansion. Despite its lightweight nature, it exhibits high mechanical strength and dimensional stability, making it suitable for a wide range of demanding construction and civil engineering applications.
Classification	Class name : Hierarchy level EPDNorge: Construction / Insulation
General comment on data set	Data quality: Specific data for the product composition are provided by the manufacturer. The data represent the production of the declared product and were collected for EPD development in the year of study. Background data is based on EPDs according to EN 15804 and different LCA databases. The data quality of the raw materials in A1 is presented in the table below. Allocation: The allocation is made in accordance with the provisions of EN 15804+A2. Incoming energy and water and waste production in-house is allocated equally among all products through mass allocation. Effects of primary production of recycled materials is allocated to the main product in which the material was used. The recycling process and transportation of the material is allocated to this analysis. Cut-off criteria: All major raw materials and all the essential energy is included. The production processes for raw materials and energy flows with very small amounts (less than 1%) are not included. These cut-off criteria do not apply for hazardous materials and substances.
Copyright	Yes
Owner of data set	Leca International
Quantitative reference
Reference flow(s)	Leca® XS, Arlita® XS, Leca Portugal - 1.0 * 1.0 m3 (Volume)
Biogenic carbon content	Carbon content (biogenic): 0.0 kg Carbon content (biogenic) - packaging: 0.0 kg
Time representativeness
Data set valid until	2030
Time representativeness description	2025-08-18 - 2030-08-18
Publication date	2025-08-18
Technological representativeness
Technology description including background system	The relevant technical properties for Leca® XS, Arlita® XS, are provided below: Loose bulk density (Test method: EN 1097-3): 500 kg/m³ ± 15% Grading (Test method: EN 933-1): 1-3 mm Reaction to fire (Test method: NS-EN 13820): A1 Composition/content (Test method: NS-EN 13055-1): - Chloride < 0,1% Cl - Acid soluble sulfate < 0,4% SO3 - Total sulfur < 0,2% S

Modelling and validation

Subtype

specific dataset

LCA methodology report

NPCR 012:2022 Part B for Thermal insulation products

Data sources, treatment and representativeness

Documentation of data quality management

NPCR 012:2022 Part B for Thermal insulation products

Data source(s) used for this data set

ecoinvent database (all versions)

Original EPDs

NEPD-12029-11986_Leca---XS--Arlita---XS--Leca-Portugal-.pdf

Completeness

Validation

Type of review
Independent external review

Reviewer name and institution
Elisabet Amat

Compliance Declarations

Compliance

Compliance system name

EN 15804+A2

Approval of overall compliance

Fully compliant

Nomenclature compliance

Fully compliant

Methodological compliance

Fully compliant

Review compliance

Fully compliant

Documentation compliance

Fully compliant

Quality compliance

Fully compliant

Compliance

Compliance system name

ISO 14025

Approval of overall compliance

Fully compliant

Nomenclature compliance

Fully compliant

Methodological compliance

Fully compliant

Review compliance

Fully compliant

Documentation compliance

Fully compliant

Quality compliance

Fully compliant

Compliance

Compliance system name

ISO 21930

Approval of overall compliance

Fully compliant

Nomenclature compliance

Fully compliant

Methodological compliance

Fully compliant

Review compliance

Fully compliant

Documentation compliance

Fully compliant

Quality compliance

Fully compliant

Administrative information

Data generator
Data set generator / modeller	LCA.no AS
Data entry by
Time stamp (last saved)	2025-10-07T23:46:48
Data set format(s)	ILCD format EPD Data Format Extensions v1.2
Publication and ownership
UUID	02241105-549a-4ad4-beb6-a0cd22461a42
Date of last revision	2025-08-13T13:42:11.8018757Z
Data set version	00.03.000
Registration authority	EPD Norway
Registration number	NEPD-12029-11986
Owner of data set	Leca International
Copyright	Yes
License type	Free of charge for all users and uses
Access and use restrictions	None
Publisher	EPD Norway

Environmental indicators

Indicators of life cycle

Indicator	Direction	Unit	Raw material supply A1	Transport A2	Manufacturing A3	Transport A4	Installation A5	De-construction C1	Transport C2	Waste processing C3	Disposal C4	Recycling Potential D
Use of renewable primary energy (PERE)	Input	MJ	0.9023	0.4553	1256	3.559	0.0941	0.06409	0.8868	0	1.01	-258.1
Use of renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials (PERM)	Input	MJ	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total use of renewable primary energy resource (PERT)	Input	MJ	0.9023	0.4553	1256	3.559	0.0941	0.06409	0.8868	0	1.01	-258.1
Use of non renewable primary energy (PENRE)	Input	MJ	6.099	35.72	811	282.7	17.39	11.85	62.84	0	28.21	-952.5
Use of non renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials (PENRM)	Input	MJ	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total use of non renewable primary energy resource (PENRT)	Input	MJ	6.099	35.72	811	282.7	17.39	11.85	62.84	0	28.21	-952.5
Use of secondary material (SM)	Input	kg	13.35	0	0	0	0.008545	0.00582	0	0	0	-1.407
Use of renewable secondary fuels (RSF)	Input	MJ	0.05874	0.01597	2.766	0.1245	0.002315	0.001577	0.03174	0	0.02097	-6.812
Use of non renewable secondary fuels (NRSF)	Input	MJ	0.0146	0.05393	0.2429	0.4172	0.03407	0.0232	0.1133	0	0.04526	-5.333
Use of net fresh water (FW)	Input	m3	0.003917	0.004036	0.3078	0.03219	0.0008954	0.0006099	0.006617	0	0.03472	-0.6331
Hazardous waste disposed (HWD)	Output	kg	0.0005904	0.001942	0.8638	0.01548	0.000512	0.0003488	0.003205	0	0	-0.105
Non hazardous waste dispose (NHWD)	Output	kg	0.01882	2.963	6.42	24.59	0.0206	0.01403	3.003	0	125	-6.611
Radioactive waste disposed (RWD)	Output	kg	0.0000317	0.0002439	0.005473	0.00193	0.0001208	0.00008225	0.0004284	0	0	-0.002833
Components for re-use (CRU)	Output	kg	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Materials for recycling (MFR)	Output	kg	0	0	0.08344	0	0.004374	0	0	375	0	-1.142
Materials for energy recovery (MER)	Output	kg	0	0	0.3074	0	0.0001426	0	0	0	0	-0.06842
Exported electrical energy (EEE)	Output	MJ	0	0	0.1695	0	0.00004786	0	0	0	0	-0.1489
Exported thermal energy (EET)	Output	MJ	0	0	2.565	0	0.0007241	0	0	0	0	-2.253

Core environmental impact indicators

Indicator	Unit	Raw material supply A1	Transport A2	Manufacturing A3	Transport A4	Installation A5	De-construction C1	Transport C2	Disposal C4	Recycling Potential D
Abiotic depletion potential - fossil resources (ADPF)	MJ	5.036	35.72	810.7	282.7	17.39	11.85	62.84	28.21	-952.5
Abiotic depletion potential - non-fossil resources (ADPE)	kg Sb-eqv.	0.000001254	0.0000418	0.000365	0.0003104	0.00000194	0.000001321	0.0001129	0.000009235	-0.001244
Acidification potential, Accumulated Exceedance (AP)	mol H+ eqv.	0.002508	0.009657	0.6762	0.07641	0.005701	0.003162	0.01703	0.00912	-0.749
Global Warming Potential - biogenic (GWP-biogenic)	kg CO2 eqv.	0.005829	0.000945	0.02964	0.00746	0.0002387	0.0001614	0.001699	0.001197	-0.2314
Global Warming Potential - fossil fuels (GWP-fossil)	kg CO2 eqv.	0.3051	2.304	60.05	18.18	1.273	0.8671	4.167	1.025	-93.92
Global Warming Potential - total (GWP-total)	kg CO2 eqv.	0.3114	2.306	60.16	18.19	1.274	0.8673	4.17	1.027	-94.19
Global Warming Potential - land use and land use change (GWP-luluc)	kg CO2 eqv.	0.000466	0.0006868	0.08052	0.005307	0.00009962	0.00006785	0.001457	0.000252	-0.03669
Global warming potential except emissions and uptake of biogenic carbon (GWP-IOBC/GHG)	kg CO2 eqv.	0.3391	2.306	61.51	18.19	0.1987	0.198	4.17	1.026	-94.18
Eutrophication potential - freshwater (EP-freshwater)	kg P eqv.	0.00002363	0.00001763	0.001843	0.0001386	0.000004602	0.000003134	0.00003273	0.00001162	-0.004667
Eutrophication potential - marine (EP-marine)	kg N eqv.	0.0004692	0.0029	0.2869	0.02297	0.002094	0.00105	0.005052	0.003389	-0.09362
Eutrophication potential - terrestrial (EP-terrestrial)	mol N eqv.	0.006197	0.03207	3.209	0.2541	0.02308	0.01159	0.05587	0.03739	-1.129
Photochemical Ozone Creation Potential (POCP)	kg NMVOC eqv.	0.001461	0.01026	0.7864	0.0817	0.006701	0.003556	0.01711	0.01071	-0.305
Depletion potential of the stratospheric ozone layer (ODP)	kg CFC 11 eqv.	2.577E-8	5.317E-7	0.000009501	0.0000042	2.729E-7	1.859E-7	9.5E-7	3.881E-7	-0.000005532
Water (user) deprivation potential (WDP)	m3 world eqv.	57.55	28.09	9264	216.9	3.695	2.517	59.94	174	-1762

Additional environmental impact indicators

Indicator	Unit	Raw material supply A1	Transport A2	Manufacturing A3	Transport A4	Installation A5	De-construction C1	Transport C2	Waste processing C3	Disposal C4	Recycling Potential D
¹This impact category deals mainly with the eventual impact of low dose ionizing radiation on human health of the nuclear fuel cycle. It does not consider effects due to possible nuclear accidents, occupational exposure nor due to radioactive waste disposal in underground facilities. Potential ionizing radiation from the soil, from radon and from some construction materials is also not measured by this indicator.
²The results of this environmental impact indicator shall be used with care as the uncertainties on these results are high or as there is limited experiences with the indicator.
Potential Human exposure efficiency relative to U235 (IRP)¹	kBq U235 eqv.	0.03619	0.1561	4.748	1.236	0.07452	0.05076	0.2747	0	0.1288	-1.977
Potential incidence of disease due to PM emissions (PM)²	disease incidence	1.96E-8	1.989E-7	0.00002777	0.0000016	9.986E-8	6.203E-8	3E-7	0	1.946E-7	-0.000006975
Potential Soil quality index (SQP)²	unitless	2.27	39.29	6287	324.3	2.207	1.503	43.32	0	108.6	-1326
Potential Comparative Toxic Unit for humans - non-cancer effects (HTP-nc)²	CTUh	4.352E-9	2.56E-8	0.000001308	2E-7	8.036E-9	5.149E-9	5E-8	0	1.113E-8	-0.000001138
Potential Comparative Toxic Unit for humans - cancer effects (HTP-c)²	CTUh	1.48E-10	0	4.759E-8	0	1.08E-9	7.22E-10	0	0	6.25E-10	-4.2E-8
Potential Comparative Toxic Unit for ecosystems (ETP-fw)²	CTUe	34.71	26.15	3795	206.8	9.517	6.482	46.28	0	15.39	-2303