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Process Data set: Hydro Aluminium Metal Extrusion Ingot LCR 4.0 www.hydro.com (en) en

Key Data Set Information
Location NO
Geographical representativeness description The LCR 4.0 product covered in this EPD has all of Europe as its main market. The main portion goes to building and construction, but it is also employed in other sectors (general engineering, solar panels, the automotive industry, transport, and consumer goods).
Reference year 2024
Name
Hydro Aluminium Metal Extrusion Ingot LCR 4.0 www.hydro.com
Use advice for data set Cradle to gate with options. The following stages have been declared: A1-A4, C1-C4, and D. Further specified in the flow sheets shown in figure 2 and figure 3. Sub module A5 and all modules under B are not declared in this EPD as the extrusion ingot are used for many different applications where these sub modules will vary to the extent that making an average scenario is nonsensical. Module D covers the potential benefits from recycling of LCR 4.0 Aluminium Extrusion Ingot after end of useful life. Module D covers all necessary processes from C3 until the aluminium is back on the market and can be compared to the environmental performance of an average market aluminium extrusion ingot. The module is further specified in the section LCA: Scenarios and additional technical information.
Technical purpose of product or process Cast aluminium products contain alloying materials and these are designated different numbers depending on what materials they contain which also give specific product characteristics. Most of the Extrusion Ingots produced belong to the 6000 alloy family from all major alloy groups with compositions shown in table 1. All products are produced according to EN 486:2009. https://www.hydro.com/en/aluminium/products/casthouse-products/extrusion-ingots/ This EPD covers all the alloys described in the table, where the differences in environmental impacts between the various alloys are negligible (<1%) in the final products because of small variations in the amounts of alloying elements between the different groups.
Classification
Class name : Hierarchy level
  • EPDNorge: Construction / Steel and Aluminium
General comment on data set The data quality for the foreground system is very good with specific data for the year 2021 for all inputs and outputs from the recycling plant. The data quality is good for all the main material input which is primary aluminium and pre- and post-consumer scrap from specific suppliers. Data for the background system are mainly from ecoinvent 3.8 (Wernet et al. 2016 and Ecoinvent 2022) as implemented in the software SimaPro, version 9.3 (Pré 2022). Some data for background systems have also been collected and implemented in the model as part of the project. The allocation is made in accordance with the provisions of EN 15804. Infrastructure of the plant, incoming energy, water and waste production in-house is allocated equally among all products (conversion volumes, full price/direct sales, CIRCAL products, and LCR products) through mass allocation. Allocation between aluminium hydroxide and aluminium oxide in the production of alumina for primary metal added in the process are done through economic allocation. The potential environmental impacts from production of primary aluminium are not transferred to post-consumer recycled aluminium. Only the recycling process and transportation of the material is allocated to the post-consumer scrap used for the aluminium at the aluminium recycling plants producing LCR 4.0. Fig. 3 shows the incoming materials to the recycling plant and the return of materials from customers. Figure 3 Flow sheet for modules A1 – A4 for 1 kg of aluminium extrusion ingot from aluminium recycling plant. At the far left of the figure, where post-consumer scrap and primary aluminium is entering the process (from module A1), there are several different suppliers of both post-consumer scrap and primary aluminium. The names of these are not disclosed here for reasons of confidentiality. At the far right, there is an arrow with process scrap going back to cast house operations. This flow is modelled as ‘closed loop’ recycling, in other words it contains the embodied impacts of the initial material. All major raw materials and all the essential energy is included. Detailed production process for raw materials and both renewable and non-renewable energy flows that are included with very small amounts (<1%) are not included. When applying the cut-off criteria for this EPD, mass and energy flows have been gathered for the entire production system and all processes in the foreground system including A1 to A4. Cut-off has only been applied to module C1 where it is assumed that renewable and non renewable energy and material use is less than 1% of total use of materials, that none of these are hazardous and does not contribute to significant environmental impacts. The total exclusion of mass and energy flows is well below 5% per module and for the system in total.
Copyright Yes
Owner of data set
Quantitative reference
Reference flow(s)
Biogenic carbon content
  • Carbon content (biogenic): 0.0 kg
  • Carbon content (biogenic) - packaging: 0.0 kg
Time representativeness
Data set valid until 2029
Time representativeness description 2024-02-13 - 2029-02-13
Technological representativeness
Technology description including background system Typical technical properties for the alloys covered by this EPD are shown in table 2. Table 2 Technical properties for the extrusion ingot aluminium alloys covered in this EPD.

Indicators of life cycle

IndicatorDirectionUnit Production
A1-A3
 Transport
A4
 De-construction
C1
 Transport
C2
 Waste processing
C3
 Disposal
C4
 Recycling Potential
D
Input
  • 30.6
  • 0.00361
  • 0
  • 0.00528
  • 0.199
  • 0.00229
  • -23.9
Input
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
Input
  • 30.6
  • 0.00361
  • 0
  • 0.00528
  • 0.199
  • 0.00229
  • -23.9
Input
  • 49.7
  • 0.283
  • 0
  • 0.413
  • 1.45
  • 0.0123
  • -66.7
Input
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
Input
  • 49.7
  • 0.283
  • 0
  • 0.413
  • 1.45
  • 0.0123
  • -66.7
Input
  • 0.403
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
Input
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
Input
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
Input
  • 0.222
  • 0.0000337
  • 0
  • 0.0000491
  • 0.000809
  • 0.0000178
  • -0.13
Output
  • 0.00105
  • 6.85E-7
  • 0
  • 0.000001
  • 0.00617
  • 1.51E-8
  • -0.00209
Output
  • 1.86
  • 0.0281
  • 0
  • 0.0408
  • 1.25
  • 0.0822
  • -2.55
Output
  • 0.000159
  • 0.00000192
  • 0
  • 0.0000028
  • 0.00000425
  • 8.49E-8
  • -0.000169
Output
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
Output
  • 0.0689
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0.933
  • 0
  • 0
Output
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0.0256
  • 0
  • 0
Output
  • 0.000166
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
Output
  • 0.000298
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0
  • 0

IndicatorUnit Production
A1-A3
 Transport
A4
 De-construction
C1
 Transport
C2
 Waste processing
C3
 Disposal
C4
 Recycling Potential
D
Abiotic depletion potential - fossil resources (ADPF)
  • 49.7
  • 0.283
  • 0
  • 0.413
  • 1.45
  • 0.0123
  • -66.6
Abiotic depletion potential - non-fossil resources (ADPE)
  • 0.0000072
  • 4.16E-8
  • 0
  • 6.12E-8
  • 0.00000746
  • 2.81E-9
  • 0.0000098
Acidification potential, Accumulated Exceedance (AP)
  • 0.0243
  • 0.0000554
  • 0
  • 0.0000808
  • 0.00081
  • 0.00000424
  • -0.0357
Global Warming Potential - biogenic (GWP-biogenic)
  • 0.0365
  • 0.0000185
  • 0
  • 0.000027
  • 0.0033
  • 0.0000904
  • -0.0158
Global Warming Potential - fossil fuels (GWP-fossil)
  • 3.72
  • 0.0174
  • 0
  • 0.0254
  • 0.246
  • 0.000524
  • -5.39
Global Warming Potential - total (GWP-total)
  • 3.89
  • 0.0174
  • 0
  • 0.0254
  • 0.25
  • 0.000614
  • -5.5
Global Warming Potential - land use and land use change (GWP-luluc)
  • 0.138
  • 0.00000653
  • 0
  • 0.00000954
  • 0.000115
  • 1.69E-7
  • -0.0977
  • 3.853
  • 0.01738
  • 0
  • 0.02537
  • 0.2467
  • 0.0005236
  • -5.484
Eutrophication potential - freshwater (EP-freshwater)
  • 0.00143
  • 1.24E-7
  • 0
  • 1.81E-7
  • 0.00000905
  • 6E-9
  • -0.00193
Eutrophication potential - marine (EP-marine)
  • 0.00315
  • 0.0000122
  • 0
  • 0.0000178
  • 0.0000898
  • 0.00000158
  • -0.0053
Eutrophication potential - terrestrial (EP-terrestrial)
  • 0.032
  • 0.000136
  • 0
  • 0.000197
  • 0.00112
  • 0.0000178
  • -0.0517
Photochemical Ozone Creation Potential (POCP)
  • 0.0142
  • 0.0000534
  • 0
  • 0.0000778
  • 0.000321
  • 0.00000504
  • -0.0197
Depletion potential of the stratospheric ozone layer (ODP)
  • 1.24E-7
  • 4.34E-9
  • 0
  • 6.33E-9
  • 9.71E-9
  • 1.49E-10
  • -1.18E-7
Water (user) deprivation potential (WDP)
  • 0.222
  • 0.000974
  • 0
  • 0.00142
  • 0.0147
  • 0.0000663
  • -1.06

IndicatorUnit Production
A1-A3
 Transport
A4
 De-construction
C1
 Transport
C2
 Waste processing
C3
 Disposal
C4
 Recycling Potential
D
1This impact category deals mainly with the eventual impact of low dose ionizing radiation on human health of the nuclear fuel cycle. It does not consider effects due to possible nuclear accidents, occupational exposure nor due to radioactive waste disposal in underground facilities. Potential ionizing radiation from the soil, from radon and from some construction materials is also not measured by this indicator.
2The results of this environmental impact indicator shall be used with care as the uncertainties on these results are high or as there is limited experiences with the indicator.
Potential Human exposure efficiency relative to U235 (IRP) 1
  • 0.606
  • 0.00123
  • 0
  • 0.00179
  • 0.00342
  • 0.0000833
  • -0.653
Potential incidence of disease due to PM emissions (PM) 2
  • 3.28E-7
  • 2.02E-9
  • 0
  • 2.93E-9
  • 1.4E-8
  • 8.7E-11
  • -4.19E-7
Potential Soil quality index (SQP) 2
  • 5.19
  • 0.324
  • 0
  • 0.47
  • 1.43
  • 0.0257
  • -4.67
Potential Comparative Toxic Unit for humans - non-cancer effects (HTP-nc) 2
  • 1.53E-7
  • 2.33E-10
  • 0
  • 3.39E-10
  • 6.75E-9
  • 2.1E-11
  • -1.58E-7
Potential Comparative Toxic Unit for humans - cancer effects (HTP-c) 2
  • 1.22E-8
  • 6E-12
  • 0
  • 9E-12
  • 1.56E-10
  • 1E-12
  • -1.31E-8
Potential Comparative Toxic Unit for ecosystems (ETP-fw) 2
  • 21.4
  • 0.221
  • 0
  • 0.323
  • 5.88
  • 24.8
  • -10.1