Process Data set: IBF Box culvert (en)

Process Data set: IBF Box culvert (en) en

Process information

Key Data Set Information
Location	DK
Geographical representativeness description	IBF Box culvert is delivered within an average distance of 150 km from the production site; IBF Ringe, Denmark.
Reference year	2025
Name	IBF Box culvert
Technical purpose of product or process	This Product EPD covers IBF Box culvert produced at IBF Ringe, Denmark. It is based on the most sold type in 2024: 4000 x 2500 x 2400 mm. IBF Box culverts are used as retention basins and sewer conduits for underpasses beneath roads, railways, and in locations where a large cross-section is required. The EPD includes lifting anchors, reinforcement, spacers, etc., but does not include any optional loose sealing rings. The values in the table below have been declared to nearest whole number. The calculation covers a pipe with 11 % reinforcement.
Classification	Class name : Hierarchy level EPDNorge: Construction / Concrete goods
General comment on data set	Data quality: Specific data for the product composition are provided by the manufacturer. The data represent the production of the declared product and were collected for EPD development in the year of study. Background data is based on EPDs according to EN 15804 and different LCA databases. The data quality of the raw materials in A1 is presented in the table below. A1 - A3 data: 2024, recipe data: 2024. The EPD is calculated with a cement-EPD based on the netto approach. Netto approach means that the CO2 from the use of secondary fuels are not included. Allocation: The allocation is made in accordance with the provisions of EN 15804. Incoming energy and water and waste production in-house is allocated equally among all products through mass allocation. Effects of primary production of recycled materials is allocated to the main product in which the material was used. The recycling process and transportation of the material is allocated to this analysis. Cut-off criteria: All major raw materials and all the essential energy is included. The production processes for raw materials and energy flows with very small amounts (less than 1%) are not included. These cut-off criteria do not apply for hazardous materials and substances.
Copyright	Yes
Owner of data set	A/S Ikast Betonvarefabrik
Quantitative reference
Reference flow(s)	IBF Box culvert - 1.0 * 1000.0 kg (Mass)
Biogenic carbon content	Carbon content (biogenic): 1.0 kg Carbon content (biogenic) - packaging: 1.0 kg
Time representativeness
Data set valid until	2030
Time representativeness description	2025-08-18 - 2030-08-18
Publication date	2025-08-18
Technological representativeness
Technology description including background system	The result in the EPD is based on 1 ton of IBF Box Culvert. Therefore, the result must be multiplied by the weight of the product. Weight of pipe with dimensions 4000 x 2500 x 2400 mm: 27,3 tonnes The pipes are produced and tested according to DS/EN 14844, Precast concrete products – Box culverts. Factory production control is certified by Bureau Veritas Certification (certificate no. 0615-CPR-9527). For more information about IBF Box culvert, see https://www.ibf.dk/professionel/Afloeb/Produktoversigt/Roersystemer/Box-Culvert/

Modelling and validation

Subtype

specific dataset

LCA methodology report

EN 16757:2022 for Concrete and concrete elements

Data sources, treatment and representativeness

Documentation of data quality management

EN 16757:2022 for Concrete and concrete elements

Data source(s) used for this data set

ecoinvent database (all versions)

Original EPDs

NEPD-11998-12027_IBF-Box-culvert.pdf

Completeness

Validation

Type of review
Independent external review

Reviewer name and institution
Alexander Borg

Compliance Declarations

Compliance

Compliance system name

EN 15804+A2

Approval of overall compliance

Fully compliant

Nomenclature compliance

Fully compliant

Methodological compliance

Fully compliant

Review compliance

Fully compliant

Documentation compliance

Fully compliant

Quality compliance

Fully compliant

Compliance

Compliance system name

ISO 14025

Approval of overall compliance

Fully compliant

Nomenclature compliance

Fully compliant

Methodological compliance

Fully compliant

Review compliance

Fully compliant

Documentation compliance

Fully compliant

Quality compliance

Fully compliant

Compliance

Compliance system name

ISO 21930

Approval of overall compliance

Fully compliant

Nomenclature compliance

Fully compliant

Methodological compliance

Fully compliant

Review compliance

Fully compliant

Documentation compliance

Fully compliant

Quality compliance

Fully compliant

Administrative information

Data generator
Data set generator / modeller	LCA.no AS
Data entry by
Time stamp (last saved)	2025-10-05T23:28:43
Data set format(s)	ILCD format EPD Data Format Extensions v1.2
Publication and ownership
UUID	bd6eace8-fd0b-4ee4-8d8f-368fdfed8eeb
Date of last revision	2025-08-14T14:30:52.4086287Z
Data set version	00.03.000
Registration authority	EPD Norway
Registration number	NEPD-11998-12027
Owner of data set	A/S Ikast Betonvarefabrik
Copyright	Yes
License type	Free of charge for all users and uses
Access and use restrictions	None
Publisher	EPD Norway

Environmental indicators

Indicators of life cycle

Indicator	Direction	Unit	Raw material supply A1	Transport A2	Manufacturing A3	Transport A4	De-construction C1	Transport C2	Waste processing C3	Disposal C4	Recycling Potential D
Use of renewable primary energy (PERE)	Input	MJ	297.2	1.836	115.4	2.669	0.3	0.4449	10.98	0.0689	-60.88
Use of renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials (PERM)	Input	MJ	1.166	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total use of renewable primary energy resource (PERT)	Input	MJ	298.4	1.836	115.4	2.669	0.3	0.4449	10.98	0.0689	-60.88
Use of non renewable primary energy (PENRE)	Input	MJ	1.91E+3	184.1	361	212.2	55.07	35.37	21.35	4.477	-689.2
Use of non renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials (PENRM)	Input	MJ	37.09	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total use of non renewable primary energy resource (PENRT)	Input	MJ	1947	184.1	361	212.2	55.07	35.37	21.35	4.477	-689.2
Use of secondary material (SM)	Input	kg	173.2	0	1.63	0	0	0	0	0	0
Use of renewable secondary fuels (RSF)	Input	MJ	155.3	0.06396	17.87	0.09338	0	0.01556	0	0.001424	2.649
Use of non renewable secondary fuels (NRSF)	Input	MJ	116	0.2891	11.44	0.313	0	0.05216	0	0.004094	81.58
Use of net fresh water (FW)	Input	m3	2.618	0.01534	0.5194	0.02415	0.002834	0.004025	0.03655	0.005333	-1.384
Hazardous waste disposed (HWD)	Output	kg	0.4987	0.008716	0.1766	0.01161	0.001621	0.001935	0.002131	0	-0.4121
Non hazardous waste dispose (NHWD)	Output	kg	42.4	9.676	2.042	18.45	0.06521	3.074	0.06734	32.4	-32.02
Radioactive waste disposed (RWD)	Output	kg	0.01792	0.001271	0.001277	0.001449	0.0003824	0.0002415	0.0002256	0	-0.00004904
Components for re-use (CRU)	Output	kg	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Materials for recycling (MFR)	Output	kg	0.2816	0	56.61	0	0	0	967.6	0	0
Materials for energy recovery (MER)	Output	kg	0.01051	0	0.6299	0	0	0	0	0	0
Exported electrical energy (EEE)	Output	MJ	0	0	0.3718	0	0	0	0	0	0
Exported thermal energy (EET)	Output	MJ	0	0	5.625	0	0	0	0	0	0

Core environmental impact indicators

Indicator	Unit	Raw material supply A1	Transport A2	Manufacturing A3	Transport A4	De-construction C1	Transport C2	Waste processing C3	Disposal C4	Recycling Potential D
Abiotic depletion potential - fossil resources (ADPF)	MJ	1917	184.1	360.7	212.2	55.07	35.37	21.34	4.477	-687.7
Abiotic depletion potential - non-fossil resources (ADPE)	kg Sb-eqv.	0.05627	0.0001584	0.0001541	0.0002328	0.00000614	0.0000388	0.000008719	0.000001228	-0.001516
Acidification potential, Accumulated Exceedance (AP)	mol H+ eqv.	0.9434	0.1899	0.1357	0.04207	0.04186	0.007011	0.005561	0.001354	-0.4041
Global Warming Potential - biogenic (GWP-biogenic)	kg CO2 eqv.	0.7567	0.004282	-0.2579	0.005596	0.0007502	0.0009327	0.005935	0.000118	-0.08207
Global Warming Potential - fossil fuels (GWP-fossil)	kg CO2 eqv.	171.5	12.53	29.19	13.06	4	2.177	0.687	0.1387	-79.71
Global Warming Potential - total (GWP-total)	kg CO2 eqv.	172.3	12.54	29.17	13.07	4	2.179	0.6967	0.1389	-79.82
Global Warming Potential - land use and land use change (GWP-luluc)	kg CO2 eqv.	0.08796	0.005014	0.2324	0.00398	0.0003154	0.0006634	0.0009508	0.00002721	-0.03616
Global warming potential except emissions and uptake of biogenic carbon (GWP-IOBC/GHG)	kg CO2 eqv.	171.7	12.54	33.3	13.07	4	2.179	0.6879	0.1389	-79.92
Eutrophication potential - freshwater (EP-freshwater)	kg P eqv.	0.006901	0.00007354	0.001005	0.000104	0.00001457	0.00001733	0.00004342	0.000001036	-0.004837
Eutrophication potential - marine (EP-marine)	kg N eqv.	0.1657	0.04285	0.03907	0.009212	0.01848	0.001535	0.00163	0.0005078	-0.0861
Eutrophication potential - terrestrial (EP-terrestrial)	mol N eqv.	2.291	0.4788	0.482	0.1027	0.2	0.01712	0.01877	0.005594	-0.8894
Photochemical Ozone Creation Potential (POCP)	kg NMVOC eqv.	0.922	0.1316	0.1238	0.04035	0.05574	0.006724	0.005027	0.0016	-0.4086
Depletion potential of the stratospheric ozone layer (ODP)	kg CFC 11 eqv.	0.00000786	0.000002716	0.00000277	0.00000315	8.64E-7	5.25E-7	1.355E-7	6.755E-8	-0.000002824
Water (user) deprivation potential (WDP)	m3 world eqv.	6541	103.7	2.07E+3	162.7	11.7	27.12	2355	9.424	2474

Additional environmental impact indicators

Indicator	Unit	Raw material supply A1	Transport A2	Manufacturing A3	Transport A4	De-construction C1	Transport C2	Waste processing C3	Disposal C4	Recycling Potential D
¹This impact category deals mainly with the eventual impact of low dose ionizing radiation on human health of the nuclear fuel cycle. It does not consider effects due to possible nuclear accidents, occupational exposure nor due to radioactive waste disposal in underground facilities. Potential ionizing radiation from the soil, from radon and from some construction materials is also not measured by this indicator.
²The results of this environmental impact indicator shall be used with care as the uncertainties on these results are high or as there is limited experiences with the indicator.
Potential Human exposure efficiency relative to U235 (IRP)¹	kBq U235 eqv.	15.87	0.8018	1.897	0.9275	0.24	0.1546	0.358	0.01943	-0.02567
Potential incidence of disease due to PM emissions (PM)²	disease incidence	0.00001258	6.272E-7	0.000002044	0.0000012	0.000005066	2E-7	8.902E-8	2.884E-8	-0.00000683
Potential Soil quality index (SQP)²	unitless	417.5	135.6	336.8	243.3	6.69	40.54	12.07	16.32	26.45
Potential Comparative Toxic Unit for humans - non-cancer effects (HTP-nc)²	CTUh	0.0000232	8.031E-8	7.241E-7	1.5E-7	2.8E-8	2.5E-8	1.355E-8	1.296E-9	0.000008087
Potential Comparative Toxic Unit for humans - cancer effects (HTP-c)²	CTUh	0.000001225	0	1.751E-8	0	1E-9	0	9.68E-10	6.4E-11	-3.757E-7
Potential Comparative Toxic Unit for ecosystems (ETP-fw)²	CTUe	7224	121.1	291.7	155.2	30.1	25.86	15.12	2.214	-4368