Process Data set: Ready mixed concrete C30/37 CEM I (XC2, XC3, XC4, XF1, XA1) (en)

Process Data set: Ready mixed concrete C30/37 CEM I (XC2, XC3, XC4, XF1, XA1) (en) en

Process information

Key Data Set Information
Location	DK
Geographical representativeness description	Denmark, average distance of 25 km
Reference year	2025
Name	Ready mixed concrete C30/37 CEM I (XC2, XC3, XC4, XF1, XA1)
Technical purpose of product or process	Ready mixed concrete C30/37 with CEM I 52,5 N for moderate environment (XC2, XC3, XC4, XF1, XA1). This specific product EPD covers all consistency and Dmax variants of this type with and without pozzolans. Pigments and fibres are not included. For further information, see https.//www.ibf.dk/ The values in the table below have been declared to nearest whole number.
Classification	Class name : Hierarchy level EPDNorge: Construction / Finished concrete
General comment on data set	Data quality: Specific data for the product composition are provided by the manufacturer. The data represent the production of the declared product and were collected for EPD development in the year of study. Background data is based on EPDs according to EN 15804 and different LCA databases. The data quality of the raw materials in A1 is presented in the table below. A1 - A3 data is based on 2024 data. The EPD is calculated with a cement-EPD based on the net-approach. Net-approach means that the CO2 from the use of secondary fuels are not included. Allocation: The allocation is made in accordance with the provisions of EN 15804. Incoming energy and water and waste production in-house is allocated equally among all products through mass allocation. Effects of primary production of recycled materials is allocated to the main product in which the material was used. The recycling process and transportation of the material is allocated to this analysis. Cut-off criteria: All major raw materials and all the essential energy is included. The production processes for raw materials and energy flows with very small amounts (less than 1%) are not included. These cut-off criteria do not apply for hazardous materials and substances.
Copyright	Yes
Owner of data set	A/S Ikast Betonvarefabrik
Quantitative reference
Reference flow(s)	Ready mixed concrete C30/37 CEM I (XC2, XC3, XC4, XF1, XA1) - 1.0 * 1.0 m3 (Volume)
Biogenic carbon content	Carbon content (biogenic): 6.400704E-4 kg Carbon content (biogenic) - packaging: 0.0 kg
Time representativeness
Data set valid until	2030
Time representativeness description	2025-09-25 - 2030-09-25
Publication date	2025-09-25
Technological representativeness
Technology description including background system	The concrete are produced and delivered according to EN 206 and DS 206. Strength class: C30/37 Exposure classes: XC2, XC3, XC4, XF1 and XA1 Slump: 10 - 210 mm Dmax: 8 mm, 16 mm and 32 mm Density: 2269 kg/m3

Modelling and validation

Subtype

specific dataset

LCA methodology report

EN 16757:2022 for Concrete and concrete elements

Data sources, treatment and representativeness

Documentation of data quality management

EN 16757:2022 for Concrete and concrete elements

Data source(s) used for this data set

ecoinvent database (all versions)

Original EPDs

NEPD-12451-12514_Ready-mixed-concrete-C30-37-CEM-I--XC2--XC3--XC4--XF1--XA1-.pdf

Completeness

Validation

Type of review
Independent external review

Reviewer name and institution
Alexander Borg

Compliance Declarations

Compliance

Compliance system name

EN 15804+A2

Approval of overall compliance

Fully compliant

Nomenclature compliance

Fully compliant

Methodological compliance

Fully compliant

Review compliance

Fully compliant

Documentation compliance

Fully compliant

Quality compliance

Fully compliant

Compliance

Compliance system name

ISO 14025

Approval of overall compliance

Fully compliant

Nomenclature compliance

Fully compliant

Methodological compliance

Fully compliant

Review compliance

Fully compliant

Documentation compliance

Fully compliant

Quality compliance

Fully compliant

Compliance

Compliance system name

ISO 21930

Approval of overall compliance

Fully compliant

Nomenclature compliance

Fully compliant

Methodological compliance

Fully compliant

Review compliance

Fully compliant

Documentation compliance

Fully compliant

Quality compliance

Fully compliant

Administrative information

Data generator
Data set generator / modeller	LCA.no AS
Data entry by
Time stamp (last saved)	2025-10-12T23:49:03
Data set format(s)	ILCD format EPD Data Format Extensions v1.2
Publication and ownership
UUID	728c656a-8e79-4b77-82f8-a6d655c82834
Date of last revision	2025-09-23T13:46:38.1392561Z
Data set version	00.04.000
Registration authority	EPD Norway
Registration number	NEPD-12451-12514
Owner of data set	A/S Ikast Betonvarefabrik
Copyright	Yes
License type	Free of charge for all users and uses
Access and use restrictions	None
Publisher	EPD Norway

Environmental indicators

Indicators of life cycle

Indicator	Direction	Unit	Raw material supply A1	Transport A2	Manufacturing A3	Transport A4	De-construction C1	Transport C2	Waste processing C3	Disposal C4	Recycling Potential D
Use of renewable primary energy (PERE)	Input	MJ	43.37	2.733	29.64	1.01	0.6807	1.01	24.92	0.1563	-19.91
Use of renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials (PERM)	Input	MJ	0.3716	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Total use of renewable primary energy resource (PERT)	Input	MJ	43.72	2.733	29.64	1.01	0.6807	1.01	24.92	0.1563	-19.91
Use of non renewable primary energy (PENRE)	Input	MJ	1222	246.6	46.92	80.26	124.9	80.26	48.43	10.16	-89.75
Use of non renewable primary energy resources used as raw materials (PENRM)	Input	MJ	18.58	0	-0.00001547	0	0	0	-0.002309	0	0
Total use of non renewable primary energy resource (PENRT)	Input	MJ	1.24E+3	246.6	46.92	80.26	124.9	80.26	48.43	10.16	-89.75
Use of secondary material (SM)	Input	kg	59.31	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Use of renewable secondary fuels (RSF)	Input	MJ	521.2	0.09748	0.652	0.03531	0	0.03531	0	0.00323	-0.4072
Use of non renewable secondary fuels (NRSF)	Input	MJ	424	0.3297	0.04362	0.1183	0	0.1183	0	0.009288	-0.4183
Use of net fresh water (FW)	Input	m3	1.971	0.02405	0.1481	0.009132	0.006431	0.009132	0.08294	0.0121	-3.123
Hazardous waste disposed (HWD)	Output	kg	0.04646	0.0123	0.03553	0.004391	0.003678	0.004391	0.004836	0	-0.0205
Non hazardous waste dispose (NHWD)	Output	kg	5.592	17.9	0.6031	6.975	0.1479	6.975	0.1528	73.51	-0.6216
Radioactive waste disposed (RWD)	Output	kg	0.009551	0.001696	0.000222	0.000548	0.0008677	0.000548	0.000512	0	-0.0006744
Components for re-use (CRU)	Output	kg	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0
Materials for recycling (MFR)	Output	kg	1.101	0	33.96	0	0	0	2195	0	0
Materials for energy recovery (MER)	Output	kg	0.04111	0	0.1025	0	0	0	0	0	0
Exported electrical energy (EEE)	Output	MJ	0	0	0.06061	0	0	0	0	0	0
Exported thermal energy (EET)	Output	MJ	0	0	0.917	0	0	0	0	0	0

Core environmental impact indicators

Indicator	Unit	Raw material supply A1	Transport A2	Manufacturing A3	Transport A4	De-construction C1	Transport C2	Waste processing C3	Disposal C4	Recycling Potential D
Abiotic depletion potential - fossil resources (ADPF)	MJ	1238	246.6	46.92	80.25	124.9	80.25	48.41	10.16	-85.02
Abiotic depletion potential - non-fossil resources (ADPE)	kg Sb-eqv.	0.001278	0.0002318	0.00003678	0.00008804	0.00001393	0.00008804	0.00001978	0.000002786	-0.0004463
Acidification potential, Accumulated Exceedance (AP)	mol H+ eqv.	1.082	0.1377	0.02133	0.01591	0.09498	0.01591	0.01262	0.003072	-0.04524
Global Warming Potential - biogenic (GWP-biogenic)	kg CO2 eqv.	0.2428	0.005909	0.02809	0.002116	0.001702	0.002116	0.01347	0.0002677	-0.1003
Global Warming Potential - fossil fuels (GWP-fossil)	kg CO2 eqv.	213.5	15.84	3.302	4.94	9.076	4.94	1.559	0.3148	-5.026
Global Warming Potential - total (GWP-total)	kg CO2 eqv.	213.8	15.85	3.333	4.944	9.076	4.944	1.581	0.3151	-5.13
Global Warming Potential - land use and land use change (GWP-luluc)	kg CO2 eqv.	0.05448	0.004415	0.003239	0.001505	0.0007156	0.001505	0.002157	0.00006174	-0.003398
Global warming potential except emissions and uptake of biogenic carbon (GWP-IOBC/GHG)	kg CO2 eqv.	213.7	15.85	3.92	4.944	9.076	4.944	1.561	0.3151	-5.377
Eutrophication potential - freshwater (EP-freshwater)	kg P eqv.	0.0047	0.0001068	0.0001529	0.00003931	0.00003305	0.00003931	0.00009851	0.00000235	-0.0001336
Eutrophication potential - marine (EP-marine)	kg N eqv.	0.07546	0.03078	0.007111	0.003484	0.04192	0.003484	0.003698	0.001152	-0.01569
Eutrophication potential - terrestrial (EP-terrestrial)	mol N eqv.	2.876	0.3437	0.0815	0.03885	0.4538	0.03885	0.04259	0.01269	-0.1844
Photochemical Ozone Creation Potential (POCP)	kg NMVOC eqv.	0.7043	0.1019	0.02136	0.01526	0.1265	0.01526	0.01141	0.003631	-0.04867
Depletion potential of the stratospheric ozone layer (ODP)	kg CFC 11 eqv.	0.000001028	0.000003726	4.04E-7	0.000001191	0.00000196	0.000001191	3.074E-7	1.533E-7	-9.155E-7
Water (user) deprivation potential (WDP)	m3 world eqv.	2762	166.1	386.6	61.53	26.55	61.53	5343	21.38	-3987

Additional environmental impact indicators

Indicator	Unit	Raw material supply A1	Transport A2	Manufacturing A3	Transport A4	De-construction C1	Transport C2	Waste processing C3	Disposal C4	Recycling Potential D
¹This impact category deals mainly with the eventual impact of low dose ionizing radiation on human health of the nuclear fuel cycle. It does not consider effects due to possible nuclear accidents, occupational exposure nor due to radioactive waste disposal in underground facilities. Potential ionizing radiation from the soil, from radon and from some construction materials is also not measured by this indicator.
²The results of this environmental impact indicator shall be used with care as the uncertainties on these results are high or as there is limited experiences with the indicator.
Potential Human exposure efficiency relative to U235 (IRP)¹	kBq U235 eqv.	32.24	1.078	0.2062	0.3507	0.5445	0.3507	0.8123	0.04409	-0.7804
Potential incidence of disease due to PM emissions (PM)²	disease incidence	0.000009444	0.00000125	5.17E-7	4.538E-7	0.00001149	4.538E-7	2.02E-7	6.543E-8	-9.638E-7
Potential Soil quality index (SQP)²	unitless	54.98	240.7	89.4	91.99	15.18	91.99	27.38	37.03	193
Potential Comparative Toxic Unit for humans - non-cancer effects (HTP-nc)²	CTUh	0.00001914	1.453E-7	4.879E-8	5.673E-8	6.353E-8	5.673E-8	3.073E-8	2.94E-9	-1.076E-7
Potential Comparative Toxic Unit for humans - cancer effects (HTP-c)²	CTUh	3.852E-7	0	2.515E-9	0	2.269E-9	0	2.195E-9	1.47E-10	-4.391E-9
Potential Comparative Toxic Unit for ecosystems (ETP-fw)²	CTUe	297.3	170.1	79.76	58.68	68.29	58.68	34.31	5.024	-87.54